By Bjorn Fehrm
September 23, 2016, ©. Leeham Co: In our Corners on East bloc aeronautical industries, we now look at the main Russian civil aircraft engine companies. As with the aircraft side, there is one overall Russian engine company since 2008, United Engine Corporation (UEC), Figure 1.
This is a state-owned holding which incorporates 80%of the gas turbine engine companies from the Soviet times, employing 80,000 people.
The aim is to coordinate and optimize Russia’s engineering and production resources around present and future gas turbine engines for Aeronautical, Naval and Stationary use.
Figure 1. Engine companies in United Engine Corporation. Source: UEC.
Soviet and Russian engines have historically been named after their chief designer in the design bureau. We will now describe the main entities in UEC that work with airliner engines.
Saturn group
One of the engine companies in UEC working with airliner engines is Saturn, Figure 2.
Figure 2. UEC Saturn company activities, locations and subsidiaries. Source: UEC. Click for better view.
Its experience in making engines for different applications is given in Figure 3.
Figure 3. Engines manufactured by the Saturn company. Source: UEC. Click for better view.
The company’s present engines for commercial and transport aircraft are shown in Figure 4. Note the SaM146 for the SSJ100 that Saturn does in cooperation with SNECMA of SAFRAN Group.
Figure 4. Saturn civil engines and their applications. Source: UEC. Click for better view.
The company’s main activities are engines for military use. The modern projects are shown in figure 5.
Figure 5. Saturn military engines and their applications. Source: UEC. Click for better view.
Aviadvigatel and Perm engine company (PMZ)
The second main grouping which designs civil aircraft engines in Russia is the Aviadvigatel design bureau with production at the Perm engine company. Headquarter, design bureau and production facilities are in Perm (Figure 2).
The Perm engine plant started life as an adapter/producer of the Wright Cyclone engine for Soviet license production in 1934, then turned to its own designed jet engines in the 1950s named after the Soloviev chief designer. The bureau was previously called the Perm design bureau and has established its own school for engine design.
Well-known engines are the DK30 (20-26klbf) for Tu-154, Il-62 and Il-76 and the PS-90 (35-40klbf) for Il-96, Tu-204/214 and modern IL-76.
Aviadvigatel’s future program is leading the PD-14 (20-40klbf) high bypass engine project for the Irkut MC-21. Figure 6 shows the engine and the main partners involved in the project.
Figure 6. Russia’s new PD-14 engine with participating companies. Source: Aviadvigatel. Click for better view.
Aviadvigatel will almost certainly also be the lead for the new 70-80klbf wide-body engine that has been commissioned by the state for the Russian-Chinese joint venture 280 seater. Russia was left without high bypass engines larger than 40klbf (PS-90) when the conflict with Ukraine made the Ivchenko-Progress designs (see below) no longer politically correct.
Klimov
The Klimov design bureau is mainly active in military engines (RD-33 for MIG-29/35) and helicopter engines (TV3 for 95% of all Mil and Kamov helicopters). The design bureau has also developed the modern TV7-117 turboprop for the Il-114 regional turboprop which will now go in serial production at the Sokol aircraft plant.
Kuznetsov
The Kuznetsov design bureau is mainly active in military engines (NK-12 for Tu-95, NK-25 for Tu-22M, NK-32 for Tu-160) but historically did the NK-86 for Il-86 wide-body airliner and NK-144 for the Tu-144 supersonic airliner.
Ivchenko-Progress based in Zaporizhia, Ukriane was part of the Soviet engine industry with several important designs. These were produced by the neighbor Motor Sich company but also by Russian engine companies like Salyut (Figure 1).
Well known airliner engine designs are:
- AL-25 (3.8klbf for Yak 40)
- DT-18 (52klbf for An-124, AN-225)
- D-36 (14klbf for YAK42, AN-72, AN-74)
- D-436 (15klbf for YAK-42M, AN-148, AN-158, AN-178, Be-200).
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